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PEDOLOGY

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1.What is Pedology ?

Pedology is the Science of the ground which is concerned with origin study, components, properties and classification of the grounds.

2.What is ground?

The ground is a formation of surface, with primarily dynamic properties, often differentiated in distinct layers, with mineral component and/or organics generally movable , resulting from the transformation of a rock-mother under the various processes physical, chemical and biological influence and differing from this rock-mother by many morphological, physical, chemical and biological properties.

Ground composition

3.Why study the ground ?

The ground executes TWO GREAT FUNCTIONS:

- It is the VEGETALS SUPPORT

- It is their NUTRITIVE ELEMENTS SOURCE.

Pedologist studying the composition of a soil

4. How is ground form?

Schematically, the formation of a ground can break up into three phases which overlap, more or less, in time:

- ALTERATION = the rock-mother decomposition

- HUMIFICATION = organic matter introduction (humus)

- DIFFERENCIATION = migrations and accumulation of many elements.

The rock decomposition (geological rock-mother) provides a material, more or less movable (pedological rock-mother), colonized gradually by an increasingly differentiated vegetation.

This one brings back on the ground a quantity, more or less large, residues, whose transformation gives rise to the humus.

Some compounds of the humus, in partnership with the water movements within the ground, can cause displacements of substances (migrations), bringing the appearance of superimposed layers, some impoverished, others enriched in these substances.

These layers are the HORIZONS, whose whole constitutes the PROFILE

The course of these phenomena is more or less fast, more or less complete, under the influence of various factors (pedogenic factors).